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6 articles

Geography Is Not Neutral: How Block Building Shapes Where Validators Live

A study from Yale, Flashbots, and King's College formalizes what many suspected - Ethereum's block-building architecture systematically drives geographic centralization. The mechanisms are different under local vs. PBS building, and consensus parameters act as hidden geographic levers.

JIT Liquidity: Two Economic Regimes, One Block

A study of 442,000 JIT bundles on Uniswap v3 reveals that public and private execution channels create fundamentally different economics - with measurable consequences for builders, searchers, and passive LPs.

What Emerged from the Blockspace Forum Workshop in Cannes

~50 builders, relays, searchers, and researchers spent a day workshopping solutions to Ethereum's blockspace pipeline problems. Here's what gained traction - and what's still unresolved.

Ethereum's Blockspace Market Under the Microscope

A builder, a relay, a pricing researcher, and an EF researcher co-authored a paper on what's broken in Ethereum's blockspace pipeline. Here's what they found - and what they're not saying.

Relay Block Merging: How Losing Builders Still Get Paid

A new mechanism from the Titan team lets relays append transactions from losing builders onto winning blocks - creating more valuable blocks, solving relay economics, and improving censorship resistance. All without changing the protocol.

Relay Inclusion Lists: Censorship Resistance Without a Hard Fork

A proposal from the Titan team introduces relay-level inclusion lists - bringing FOCIL-style censorship resistance to Ethereum today, without any protocol changes. Here's how the mechanism works and why it matters.